I have witnessed many wonderful things evolve at our school, but one of the most promising is the development of effective support structures for ex students. Developing Win-win situations for ex students and the school is very important to make these relationships work for all involved.
When I first arrived six years ago, graduating students often came back to the school and looked a bit lost. They said hello to teachers that barely remembered their names and I would get the feeling of loss that they would feel, coming back to a place where they were happy and felt safe that was now closed to them. This loss was heartfelt, as school is a launching pad for these students, a support that after graduation is lost.
Over the next few years we have looked at ways to engage ex-students, provide a level of support going forward and use the skills gained by students in navigating school to assist students within the system. It's a way of leveraging the goodwill gained during the 'best' times of their lives (though if it truly is the best, I'd be sad as it is a very small part of their lives).
The most obvious way was to encourage tertiary students to help at summer school. Students entering ATAR make mistakes preparing for the final two years and won't always listen to teachers as to the best method for preparing for one of the most stressful situations in their lives. By coming to summer school after graduation, they can share their experiences and have clear evidence of how far they have come in comparison to their fellow students. It's downtime for most students, so it only has minor impact on their commitments.
The recent emerging structure is seeing students come back as paid tutors after school. Students in first and second year university are finding that ICT is decreasing the number of required contact hours and they are now more free to engage in work related activities. We have found that our graduates are happy to come back and help out in after school programmes for high performing students and tutor. As effective tutors have typically been very difficult to find, it has been welcome to utilise they students as a resource (and fulfil a need of theirs to both belong and support their income).
A welcome aside is to assist our university bound students complete their courses. Our success is truly measured in their success and being able to give graduating students effective post-school support at critical times in their university journey may be the difference in completing their courses and failing. Assistance may be helping them through a first year math course and adapting to a more text orientated learning style with clear language differences than experienced in school. Support at tertiary institutions that work for a green leafy students, may not work for our headstrong students, who either do not fit in with peers well, or are too headstrong to engage in help structures and typically do not work well in groups. It takes them time to realise that there are students less intelligent that are completing successfully their courses and that they have something to offer beyond cynicism and self deprecating comments.
I have been pleasantly surprised by the number of students seeking math teaching as a pathway into the workforce. Having employed two of our mathematics practicum teachers in our team of four and having more on standby means that we have a pool of culturally aware teachers available to develop our mathematics department that can hit the ground running and avoid common issues found with our students. The fact that some of these are ex-students developing their peers is a whole of community bonus.
Much of this is officially non-core to our mission, but we know that many low-socioeconomic strategies have failed to increase tertiary engagement and effect social change. Post school programmes tied back to effective in school processes may be a factor that has not been sufficiently considered.
Saturday, April 6, 2013
Sunday, March 31, 2013
Combined 11/12 courses for Australian Curriculum
One of the surprising successes of the school has been the running of combined classes in 11 and 12. It has been made clear that SCASA ("the authority") does not want this to continue with Australian Curriculum. This was stated by teachers at the Swan Schools Conference that are part of math discussion groups with SCASA.
At the moment we can run 1BC / 1DE / 2AB / 2CD / 3AB / 3CD MAT, 3AB 3CD MAS and even PA/PB or 1A courses as needs arise with a high school cohort of 470. With an even smaller cohort this year, this will need to be reconsidered but is manageable.
We can do this because if we have 10-15 students from yr 11 and 10-12 students from yr 12, we can combine them to make a reasonable sized class (except the end courses 1DE MAT or 3CD MAT or specialist courses 3ABCD which can run at around 10 because of the larger classes). This structure provides differentiation for our students and has been effective.
If we could not run these combined yr 11/12 classes, specialist courses could not run having a detrimental effect on school marketing as an academic institution. Furthermore combining year groups has had the surprising effect of exposing yr 11s to students that have adjusted to yr 11/12 workloads providing the level of mentoring that MAG classes always promised (but never really delivered) because the endpoint is actually evident and the drive to work harder has clear reward. Using this method we have built our 3CD courses to 7-8 students, a respectable 12% of our yr 12 cohort (with MAT class averages over 60% close to state averages).
The school cannot run Australian Curriculum "Focus, Essentials/General, Methods and Specialist yr 11" with class sizes of 10-15 and "Focus, Essentials, Methods and Specialist yr 12" with classes of around 10. It will not fit within a small school math department staffing profile. It's going from 8 courses with reasonable numbers to 8 courses where the spread of students is not even, requiring additional classes (this is only evident when student cohorts are put to courses during timetabling). Add to this the increased focus on the WACE numeracy test with management of students failing the test in year 10 and then passing the test in year 11 (thus making general course sizes variable), I see issues on the horizon.
Given that a reasonable number of schools are in this predicament due to boundary degradation, half cohorts, yr 7s in private schools, gentrification and a host of local reasons, this will further degrade the offerings of small public schools, ultimately further reducing their competitiveness.
I hope this is a direction that SCASA will reconsider.
At the moment we can run 1BC / 1DE / 2AB / 2CD / 3AB / 3CD MAT, 3AB 3CD MAS and even PA/PB or 1A courses as needs arise with a high school cohort of 470. With an even smaller cohort this year, this will need to be reconsidered but is manageable.
We can do this because if we have 10-15 students from yr 11 and 10-12 students from yr 12, we can combine them to make a reasonable sized class (except the end courses 1DE MAT or 3CD MAT or specialist courses 3ABCD which can run at around 10 because of the larger classes). This structure provides differentiation for our students and has been effective.
If we could not run these combined yr 11/12 classes, specialist courses could not run having a detrimental effect on school marketing as an academic institution. Furthermore combining year groups has had the surprising effect of exposing yr 11s to students that have adjusted to yr 11/12 workloads providing the level of mentoring that MAG classes always promised (but never really delivered) because the endpoint is actually evident and the drive to work harder has clear reward. Using this method we have built our 3CD courses to 7-8 students, a respectable 12% of our yr 12 cohort (with MAT class averages over 60% close to state averages).
The school cannot run Australian Curriculum "Focus, Essentials/General, Methods and Specialist yr 11" with class sizes of 10-15 and "Focus, Essentials, Methods and Specialist yr 12" with classes of around 10. It will not fit within a small school math department staffing profile. It's going from 8 courses with reasonable numbers to 8 courses where the spread of students is not even, requiring additional classes (this is only evident when student cohorts are put to courses during timetabling). Add to this the increased focus on the WACE numeracy test with management of students failing the test in year 10 and then passing the test in year 11 (thus making general course sizes variable), I see issues on the horizon.
Given that a reasonable number of schools are in this predicament due to boundary degradation, half cohorts, yr 7s in private schools, gentrification and a host of local reasons, this will further degrade the offerings of small public schools, ultimately further reducing their competitiveness.
I hope this is a direction that SCASA will reconsider.
Labels:
Australian curriculum
Saturday, March 16, 2013
iPad journey
My iPad journey has hit a snag. I designed a model that sends the iPads home and it's pretty much a foregone conclusion that I won't be allowed to do it.
This means something that was meant to complement classroom activities has become something that dominates preparation time.
Let me explain...
Responsibility
In a 1-1 model, students are responsible for the iPads, tracking usage is relatively simple. In a classroom model, teachers are responsible. This means keeping them in locked stores, being aware of which student has and had each iPad at all times, being able to liaise with ICT when misuse happens and identify which student (in which class) had the iPad. If multiple teachers are involved this rapidly becomes untrackable as are issues with moving between rooms around the school (30 iPads are heavy).
Timing
In a 1-1 model, students take iPads out of their bags and put them back in - no real impact. In a classroom model, taking them from the store, issuing them to students and counting them back in at the end of the lesson is time consuming. 5-10 minutes is 10-20% of learning time.
Usage
In a 1-1 model, students are trained to do the same thing every lesson with the iPads, they become just another tool like pen and paper. In a classroom model, there is a novelty factor, they fiddle with them, it's harder to train them into desired behaviours (like putting them at the top of their desks when doing written work). Furthermore, each iPad is now being used over multiple year groups with a range of students, increasing the demands for identifying suitable materials than if it was focussed on one student at a particular skill level. There is little point designing ebooks to put on iPads if they are going to remain in cupboards rather than used in conjunction with homework. In a classroom model, levels of students have to be catered for if the iPads are to be used effectively. In a take home model, the iPad can be used more effectively as an intervention tool (where the student does not miss teaching whilst catching up).
Incidental usage
In a 1-1 model, incidental usage is possible. In a classroom model, because there is an overhead to allocating the iPads, incidental usage is not as likely - I'm not taking them out for 5 minutes of use, whereas I might let a student that has an iPad do tables practice if they have completed their work if there is one on the corner of their desk..
Retention of work
In a 1-1 model, the work is on the iPad and can be worked on over a number of lessons. In a classroom model, classwork has to be stored on resources linked to students rather than the device and this resource needs to be accessed from multiple devices. Although this is normally the preferred model, iPads are not well suited to this and workarounds need to be found. Any type of user authentication will slow down classes as authentication issues reduce available teaching time.
Behavioural incentive
In a 1-1 model, loss of the device is a real behavioural incentive. In a classroom model, it's only lost until the end of a class, a minor inconvenience.
I like using the iPads as mini whiteboards, doing quizzes on topics and giving students instant feedback to how they are doing, having lessons focussed on core numeracy. We can now video students attempting problems and use it for diagnostics of a range of tasks.. I get all that.. but ultimately...
Conclusion: Poorly suited to classroom mode use in high school
Most apps at the moment are rote learning practice based - something that is poorly suited to learning environments and better suited to play (in extension or after school classes) or at home - they are important, just not in a highschool classroom with the overhead suggested. Unless the student is able to use the device without impact on a learning programme it has the potential to be a distraction from the main game - learning. Unlike in primary (with the same students in a class), I can't see how I can get utilisation to a level where buying iPads is viable for students within learning area budgets for use in classrooms (IWBs, texts and exercise books are more cost effective in 95% of cases).
If you take into account that applications need to be found to use on the iPads and classes designed for their use, put these issues on top and my enthusiasm wanes rapidly. I am not saying that these issues cannot be overcome (and I have solutions for each issue), I question whether they are worth overcoming. The outcome at the moment is that rather than complementing classroom use, they are fast become an impact tool only, one that I'm not sure is worth the investment of time, cost and effort within a classroom compared to other techniques.
I'm sure I'm not making each point as clearly as I could but they are a basis for discussion. I'm also a little negative as I did a lot of work to ready the programme for take home use (with enthusiasm generated by students and parents) and now have to rethink it, something that I can't do now - it will have to wait until later in the year.
This means something that was meant to complement classroom activities has become something that dominates preparation time.
Let me explain...
Responsibility
In a 1-1 model, students are responsible for the iPads, tracking usage is relatively simple. In a classroom model, teachers are responsible. This means keeping them in locked stores, being aware of which student has and had each iPad at all times, being able to liaise with ICT when misuse happens and identify which student (in which class) had the iPad. If multiple teachers are involved this rapidly becomes untrackable as are issues with moving between rooms around the school (30 iPads are heavy).
Timing
In a 1-1 model, students take iPads out of their bags and put them back in - no real impact. In a classroom model, taking them from the store, issuing them to students and counting them back in at the end of the lesson is time consuming. 5-10 minutes is 10-20% of learning time.
Usage
In a 1-1 model, students are trained to do the same thing every lesson with the iPads, they become just another tool like pen and paper. In a classroom model, there is a novelty factor, they fiddle with them, it's harder to train them into desired behaviours (like putting them at the top of their desks when doing written work). Furthermore, each iPad is now being used over multiple year groups with a range of students, increasing the demands for identifying suitable materials than if it was focussed on one student at a particular skill level. There is little point designing ebooks to put on iPads if they are going to remain in cupboards rather than used in conjunction with homework. In a classroom model, levels of students have to be catered for if the iPads are to be used effectively. In a take home model, the iPad can be used more effectively as an intervention tool (where the student does not miss teaching whilst catching up).
Incidental usage
In a 1-1 model, incidental usage is possible. In a classroom model, because there is an overhead to allocating the iPads, incidental usage is not as likely - I'm not taking them out for 5 minutes of use, whereas I might let a student that has an iPad do tables practice if they have completed their work if there is one on the corner of their desk..
Maintenance
In a 1-1 model, students are responsible for charging iPads, uploading apps and fixing small issues, along with ICT staff. In a classroom model, teachers are responsible for identifying issues, finding solutions and liasing with ICT staff. This should not be underestimated, as anyone that is in charge of a computer lab will recognise.Retention of work
In a 1-1 model, the work is on the iPad and can be worked on over a number of lessons. In a classroom model, classwork has to be stored on resources linked to students rather than the device and this resource needs to be accessed from multiple devices. Although this is normally the preferred model, iPads are not well suited to this and workarounds need to be found. Any type of user authentication will slow down classes as authentication issues reduce available teaching time.
Behavioural incentive
In a 1-1 model, loss of the device is a real behavioural incentive. In a classroom model, it's only lost until the end of a class, a minor inconvenience.
I like using the iPads as mini whiteboards, doing quizzes on topics and giving students instant feedback to how they are doing, having lessons focussed on core numeracy. We can now video students attempting problems and use it for diagnostics of a range of tasks.. I get all that.. but ultimately...
Conclusion: Poorly suited to classroom mode use in high school
Most apps at the moment are rote learning practice based - something that is poorly suited to learning environments and better suited to play (in extension or after school classes) or at home - they are important, just not in a highschool classroom with the overhead suggested. Unless the student is able to use the device without impact on a learning programme it has the potential to be a distraction from the main game - learning. Unlike in primary (with the same students in a class), I can't see how I can get utilisation to a level where buying iPads is viable for students within learning area budgets for use in classrooms (IWBs, texts and exercise books are more cost effective in 95% of cases).
If you take into account that applications need to be found to use on the iPads and classes designed for their use, put these issues on top and my enthusiasm wanes rapidly. I am not saying that these issues cannot be overcome (and I have solutions for each issue), I question whether they are worth overcoming. The outcome at the moment is that rather than complementing classroom use, they are fast become an impact tool only, one that I'm not sure is worth the investment of time, cost and effort within a classroom compared to other techniques.
I'm sure I'm not making each point as clearly as I could but they are a basis for discussion. I'm also a little negative as I did a lot of work to ready the programme for take home use (with enthusiasm generated by students and parents) and now have to rethink it, something that I can't do now - it will have to wait until later in the year.
Monday, March 4, 2013
IPads and the classroom
I hate ICT when used without purpose.
Some of my favourite misuses of technology:
Some of my favourite misuses of technology:
- Social Networking
- Research assignments
- Interactives
- Online learning modules
- Portals
- Blogs & Wikis
If someone comes to you and says we should be doing this, immediately ask why. I wouldn't give a teacher a sledgehammer hoping that they will find something to do with it. That's what is happening all too often with ICT. You can do great things with these tools, but they need to be appropriate for the task.
Rather, start with a problem that inhibits learning. If ICT is the optimum solution for solving the problem - then use it.
I have a problem in one of our streams. Student work rate is low in the top class and self image is at risk in the focus class. There is no personal excitement in learning new concepts and little drive observed. The gap between the top and bottom class is quite large and there are issues with core numeracy skills in both groups.
I had 30 IPads at my disposal, so i designed a solution to bring both classes together (50 kids) and bring some excitement back to the group. I could have done it without the iPads but it saved me some work and was a motivational factor for the kids. I was lucky to have four teachers available to help on the day so student ratios (even though there were a lot of kids) were low.
Problem: Low motivation and low student output.
Solution: Use the iPads as motivation for completing a large amount of work to illustrate what can be done by students. Schedule high and low performing students together.
Method: Six worksheets on core numeracy (tables and basic number facts) were placed at the side of the room. All students were given the first sheet (25 questions). The next sheet was given on completion of the previous sheet. Students were given an iPad on completion of the last sheet. Students in the focus stream only had to complete 4 sheets in the timeframe. A math game (KingofMaths) was placed on the iPads($30 total cost) and high scores were recorded on the board (with the top stream students given a 10000 point handicap).
Outcome: Crazy, off the chart fun. Completely controlled chaos. Each student completed over 100 questions in the hour with little difficulty. The few disengaged students were identified for further work, other students were taking the incomplete sheets home to do them later. There was a sense of fun in the room and students were able to see what they could do when they tried.
It hasn't solved the problem (that takes time) but has given students a new way of looking at what they can do. Next week I have some puzzles to do to challenge their thinking, not just their computation speed, using a similar model. Given that the whole thing too about 30 minutes of preparation and was a first attempt, I think we can improve with more efforts. I would not do this every lesson, but once a week I can see how we can attack the type of topics used in NAPLAN and improve our results further. Teachers in the room responded that they thought it was awesome and something completely different to what we normally do. Hopefully it will stimulate ideas for driving teaching pedagogy further.
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